Two of the Inert cartridges that I showed are pre-NATO Cal .30 Light Rifle, headstamped FA 51, with an apparantly inert primer. The other is a 7.62mm headstamped FA 54, without the NATO (+) and with a fired primer. I do not have any notes to indicate what they were intended for. The headstamp date may not mean anything because Frankford often used any case that was available when manufacturing specialty cartridges such as these.
The "INERT CHARGE" stamping is very delicate and could be easily rubbed off with any kind of use through machinery or a gun mechanism. I'd guess that, because of this, there are many more in existance that cannot be identified. They are loaded with about 50 grains of Sodium Carbonate and steel cored T11 and T21 bullets.
I also have a couple of 7.62mm NATO cartridges that other collectors told me were "INERT" but they have no filler of any kind. They have gray tips. One has a fired primer, the other has an empty primer pocket. Again, I have no idea what they were intended for other than testing a mechanism or gun of some sort.
As far as I know, the Inert cartridges with a blackened case and bullet were intended to test the functioning of link belts in MGs. The blacking is for identification. Inert cartridges with color tips are, again, for identification purposes. At times, a color tip cartridge would be included in a belt to be observed at high speed with a camera.
Inert, blank, and dummy cartridges can be a collecting specialty all on its own. There seems to be an endless variety of them used by all countries.
Ray